Friday, August 9, 2019

Back to the Classics #20

I read this book for the 2019 Back to the Classics Reading Challenge.

Classic Novella. Anthony Trollope is known for big Victorian novels, bulked up with fox-hunting scenes and sub-plots of worthy girls staving off worthy guys for reasons the worthy girls think are, well, worthy. His shorter novels offer tempting attractions too. The gateway Trollope novel for many readers is The Warden. Then unwary readers find themselves slamming with the light as air Rachel Ray. Before they know it they are taking a cruise with The Claverings. Saddest are readers that end up mainlining hardcore like The Belton Estate and, stop me before I read more, The Struggles of Brown, Jones, and Robinson.

Cousin Henry – Anthony Trollope

Some Japanese like to think their puppet dramas and kabuki plays deal with uniquely Japanese moral dilemmas. But in Cousin Henry, Trollope examines the conflict between ninjo (human feelings) and giri (social obligation). In the early chapters, the more time an uncle spends with the title character, the more bitter and confused the uncle feels that he must will the family lands and chattels to his nephew, not to his niece upon whom he dotes. But he feels he can’t subordinate duty to love:

It was a religion to him that a landed estate in Britain should go from father to eldest son, and in default of a son to the first male heir. Britain would not be ruined because Llanfeare should be allowed to go out of the proper order. But Britain would be ruined if Britons did not do their duty in that sphere of life to which it had pleased God to call them; and in this case his duty was to maintain the old order of things.

The uncle writes a pro-nephew last will and testament, then one pro-niece, which he fears undermines the natural order of things. He writes and re-writes, but never destroys superceded versions because he has a superstitious dread against destroying a will, any will. A lawyer observes, "There are men who think that a will once made should never be destroyed." Not merely ink on papers held together by string like deeds and stocks, last wills exert an uncanny fascination on beholders, like precious gems.

Later in the novel another character tortures himself about whether to burn a will:

… He could not take the will from its hiding-place and with his own hand thrust it into the flames. He had never as yet even suggested to himself that he would do so. His hair stood on end as he thought of the horrors attendant on such a deed as that. To be made to stand in the dock and be gazed at by the angry eyes of all the court, to be written of as the noted criminal of the day, to hear the verdict of guilty, and then the sentence, and to be aware that he was to be shut up and secluded from all comforts throughout his life! And then, and then, the dread hereafter! For such a deed as that would there not be assured damnation? Although he told himself that justice demanded the destruction of the will, justice could not be achieved by his own hand after such fashion as that.

Trollope has no shortage of perverse characters who will act against their own best interests. See The Small House at Allington. In this novel, both the uncle and the nephew are world-class procrastinators when it comes to destroying wills. Their vacillation causes the nephew, among others, a world of trouble. The inevitable romance features two stubborn lovers that drive the people around them crazy:

The father no doubt felt that the two young people were self-willed, obstinate, and contradictory. His daughter wouldn't marry the clergyman because she had been deprived of her property. The clergyman now refused to marry his daughter because it was presumed that her property might be restored to her.

It’s funny but the reader is grateful the lofty posturing doesn’t go on for too many pages. Trollope’s nice characters – Isobel in this one - have so much pride; and pride leads the parade of the seven deadly sins in my book.

To recommend or not? I think this novella is worth reading for the deep, probing character study of the title character. When he arrives in the Welsh village of his uncle, prior to the uncle’s death, everyone hates him despite the fact that Cousin Henry does nothing to deserve blatant disrespect. He inspires contempt and suspicion from his uncle and his cousin because of his manners and lack of poise, which he can’t help because he simply doesn’t know any better. He’s just a London insurance clerk. Totally cowed by the cruel treatment and lack of charity, Cousin Henry the city fish in country water acts like cowardice personified, and what little confidence he has evaporates.  His only wisdom consists of slogans like “Honesty is the best policy,” hardly enough philosophy to support him in the situation he finds himself in after his uncle’s death. Without self-control, he is caught between anxiety and anger, whining bitterly at his fate, his own indecision.

I’ve kept the plot obscure (even confusing, I hope) for fear of spoilers. Don’t let my obscurity put you off an opportunity to see Trollope deploy his talent for psychological analysis. A sensible and sympathetic observer of flawed human nature, he shows us the devastating effects of irrational dislike and procrastination.

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